Diabetes - Diagnosis and Monitoring (HbA1c)

This HbA1c blood test determines whether diabetes is present, or assesses how effectively diabetes is being managed in those already diagnosed. Untreated diabetes significantly reduces life expectancy and causes serious complications, as elevated blood glucose damages small blood vessels and organ systems over time. Over a million people in the UK alone have undiagnosed Type 2 diabetes, unknowingly risking internal damage.

Type 1 vs Type 2 Diabetes

Type 2 diabetes accounts for around 90% of cases and involves insulin resistance, often triggered by genetic and lifestyle factors. Type 1 diabetes accounts for around 10% of cases and is autoimmune-driven.

Why Get Tested?

• Early detection improves quality of life and long-term health outcomes
• Enables proactive health management before complications develop
• Considered the most reliable diagnostic method available
• Approximately 3.9 million people already diagnosed with diabetes in the UK require regular HbA1c testing to track their blood sugar management

Frequently Asked Questions

What is an HbA1c blood test?

An HbA1c blood test measures your average blood sugar levels over the past 2-3 months. It's used both to diagnose diabetes in people who haven't been tested before, and to monitor blood sugar management in those already diagnosed. It's considered the most reliable diagnostic method available.

What's the difference between Type 1 and Type 2 diabetes?

Type 2 diabetes accounts for around 90% of cases and involves insulin resistance, often triggered by genetic and lifestyle factors. Type 1 diabetes accounts for around 10% of cases and is autoimmune-driven, meaning the body's immune system attacks insulin-producing cells.

How often should I get an HbA1c test if I have diabetes?

If you're already diagnosed with diabetes, regular HbA1c testing — as advised by your healthcare provider — helps track how well your blood sugar is being managed over time.